Transmission Media(Guided and Unguided)

In this article, we gonna learn about transmission medias. That we are using in the current world.

In present time, we have two types of media:

1. Guided Media

2. Unguided Media

Now let's understand both of them one by one.

#Transmission Media means how we can connect the devices physically.

 Guided Media: we uses guided media when we want more speed.

• It has 3 types: 

            a) Twisted-Pair Cable

            b) Coaxial Cable

            c) Fiver-Optical Cable

In this article, we gonna see only about Guided Media. We will cover the unguided media in another article.

#Twisted-Pair Cable: Pair of wires (the forward and the return conductors of a single current) are twisted together for the purposes of cancelling out electromagnetic interfere (EMI) from other wire pairs and from external sources.

• It is a single wire cable inside which we have 8 wires and we makes 4 combinations. As you can see in the given figure.

            

#Types of Twisted-Pair Cable:

1. UTP: Stands for Unshielded-Twisted-Pair Cable.

• The UTP cable is a 100 ohm copper cable that combines 2 to 1800 twisted pairs surrounded by an outer jacket.
• They have no iron shield.
• This makes the cable smaller in diameter but less vulnerable to electrical interference.
• The twist helps to improve its exposure to electrical noise and EMI.

            

2. STP: Stands for Shielded-Twisted-Pair Cable.

• Shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable is more expensive than unprotected twisted twisted-pair (UTP) cable.
• It has an impedance of 150 ohms, has a maximum length of 90 meters, and is mainly used in communication areas with a high EMI value due to motors, air conditioners, power cords, or other noisy electrical components.
• STP cable is the default cable type for IBM Token Ring networks.

            

#Advantages of Twisted-Pair-Cable:

a). Cheap

b). Easy to work with

#Disadvantages of Twisted-Pair-Cable:

a). Low Data Rate

b). Short Range

#Coaxial Cable: Coaxial cable is a type of copper cable specially built with a metal shield and other components engineered to block signal interference. 

• It is primarily used by the cable TV companies to connect their satellite antenna facilities to customer homes and businesses. 

            

#Advantages of Coaxial Cable: 

• Used in high frequency applications.
• Improve attenuation and shield effectiveness.
• Less susceptible to noise or interference compare to twisted pair cable.
• High bandwidth.
• Cost of coaxial cable is less.

#Disadvantges of Coaxial Cable:

• Bulky, thick, stiff.
• Expensive to install.
• Security issue.
• Grounding necessary.

#Optical Fiber Cable: Optical cables are used to transfer digital data signals in the form of light up to distances of hundreds of miles with higher throughput rates.

    

• We have two types of fiber optics:

            a) Single-Mode Fiber (SMF)

            b) Multi-Mode Fiber(MMF)

#Advantages of Optical Fiber:

• Extremely high bandwidth.
• Thinner and light-weighted.
• Resistance to Electromagnetic Interference.
• Longer Distance
• Low Security Risk

#Disadvantages of Optical Fiber:

• Cost
• Very Fragile
• Difficult to Install
• Attenuation and Dispersion

Hope you are enjoying the Course.

Previous Articles:

#Networking For Hacking:

1. Introduction to Networking 

2. Networking Devices

3. Transmission Media(Guided and Unguided)

4. Switching in Networking

5. OSI Model

6. OSI Model - Part 2

7. Functions of OSI Layers

8. TCP/IP Model

9. OSI vs TCP/IP

10. Internet Protocol(IP)

11. Internet Protocol Versions | Internet Versions Explained

#Linux for Absolute Beginners:

1. Introduction of New Blog

2. More on Linux

3. Installation

4. Linux Commands - Part 1

5. Linux Commands - Part 2

6. Linux Commands - Part 3

7. Linux Commands - Part 4

8. Linux Commands - Part 5

9. All Files & Directories Commands

10. File Editor & Manipulating Data Commands

11. All Programming Languages Commands

#Penetration Testing Tutorial for Absolute Beginners

1. Introduction to Penetration Testing

2. What is N-Map?

#Technical Tools Explanation

1. Log4J Tutorial

#Linux for Absolute Beginners in Hindi

1. Introduction of New Blog in Hindi